有(you)(you)一(yi)個常識性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題就是(shi),進口車床東西放(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)久了就不好用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了,數控加(jia)工中心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)也是(shi)如此,廠家在買(mai)來這(zhe)些設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)以(yi)后一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)盡快的(de)(de)(de)(de)投入使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),而且還(huan)要(yao)充(chong)分(fen)地(di)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)其(qi)功能,尤其(qi)是(shi)在設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)1年,充(chong)分(fen)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)就是(shi)為了讓容易出(chu)故障的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方盡快的(de)(de)(de)(de)暴露出(chu)來,以(yi)便于設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)維修或是(shi)更換。在加(jia)工中心(xin)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)正(zheng)常運行(xing)時(shi),加(jia)工中心(xin)主軸盡量不要(yao)關閉,這(zhe)樣可以(yi)降低原件的(de)(de)(de)(de)磨損率(lv)。若是(shi)企業(ye)當時(shi)沒有(you)(you)什么加(jia)工任務(wu),為了避(bi)免(mian)(mian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)元件受潮以(yi)及避(bi)免(mian)(mian)技術(shu)參數的(de)(de)(de)(de)丟失,這(zhe)些中心(xin)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)也是(shi)要(yao)定(ding)時(shi)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de),每周通電(dian) 2~3 次(ci),每一(yi)次(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通電(dian)時(shi)間(jian)都要(yao)保證在 1 h 以(yi)上。
10年數(shu)控(kong)車床老師傅分享的(de)(de)操作(zuo)技巧與(yu)(yu)心得:時(shi)間如逝(shi),一轉眼操作(zuo)沈陽數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床已有十(shi)年,十(shi)年的(de)(de)摸(mo)爬滾打讓我積累了(le)數(shu)控(kong)車床的(de)(de)一些加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工技巧與(yu)(yu)心得,與(yu)(yu)各(ge)位同仁(ren)交流。因加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)更(geng)換(huan)頻繁及(ji)工廠條件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)受(shou)限,十(shi)年來(lai)我們都是自己(ji)編程,自己(ji)對(dui)刀(dao)(dao),自己(ji)調試(shi)(shi)及(ji)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工,總結(jie)起(qi)來(lai)操作(zuo)技巧分為以(yi)(yi)下幾(ji)點:零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在編完(wan)程序(xu),對(dui)好刀(dao)(dao)后需(xu)要進行(xing)(xing)試(shi)(shi)切調試(shi)(shi),為了(le)防止程序(xu)上出(chu)現錯(cuo)誤(wu)和對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)失誤(wu),造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)撞機(ji)(ji)事(shi)故,我們應該先進行(xing)(xing)空(kong)行(xing)(xing)程模(mo)擬(ni)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工,廠家在機(ji)(ji)床的(de)(de)座(zuo)標系(xi)里(li)面(mian)對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)具向右整(zheng)體平移零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總長(chang)的(de)(de)2——3倍;然后開始(shi)模(mo)擬(ni)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工,模(mo)擬(ni)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)后確(que)認(ren)程序(xu)及(ji)對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)無誤(wu),再(zai)開始(shi)對(dui)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行(xing)(xing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工,首(shou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后,先自檢(jian),確(que)認(ren)合(he)格,再(zai)找專(zhuan)職檢(jian)驗檢(jian)查,專(zhuan)職檢(jian)驗確(que)認(ren)合(he)格后這(zhe)才表示調試(shi)(shi)結(jie)束。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在首(shou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)切完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后,就(jiu)要進行(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)批生(sheng)產,但首(shou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)合(he)格并不(bu) 等于(yu)整(zheng)批零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)就(jiu)會合(he)格,因為在加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工過程中,因加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工材料的(de)(de)不(bu)同會使刀(dao)(dao)具產生(sheng)
天津機床溜板移動時傾斜度(du)差(cha)錯檢(jian)查,將水(shui)平儀置(zhi)于(yu)(yu)溜板燕尾導軌(gui)上(shang)(shang)接(jie)近刀架的(de)(de)當地(di),筆直于(yu)(yu)床身導軌(gui)(即溜板行(xing)程(cheng)方向)。移動溜板,每隔250mm(或500mm、或小于(yu)(yu)此(ci)值)記載一(yi)次讀(du)數(shu),在溜板的(de)(de)悉(xi)數(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)上(shang)(shang)檢(jian)查。水(shui)平儀在1000mm行(xing)程(cheng)和悉(xi)數(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)上(shang)(shang)讀(du)數(shu)的(de)(de)較(jiao)大代數(shu)差(cha)值,即是傾斜度(du)差(cha)錯。傾斜度(du)差(cha)錯以斜率(lv)或角值表(biao)明。
通常河北反轉作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)是銑(xian)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)附件(jian),自動(dong)化車床分度(du)精度(du)較低,故可(ke)選用(yong)八方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具進行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)。八方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)接(jie)圓(yuan)直徑250mm。在(zai)(zai)(zai)作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)錐(zhui)孔中嚴(yan)密(mi)刺進八方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)位心軸,以(yi)確保作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)反轉基地與八方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具外(wai)接(jie)圓(yuan)基地重合。 將(jiang)被(bei)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)固(gu)定(ding)于查(cha)驗(yan)平板(ban)上,將(jiang)千(qian)分表(biao)底座(zuo)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)凸緣(yuan)靠(kao)緊在(zai)(zai)(zai)查(cha)驗(yan)平板(ban)上導(dao)向(xiang)槽的(de)(de)(de)(de)旁邊(bian)(bian)面沒有導(dao)向(xiang)槽的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)用(yong)平尺替代),使(shi)千(qian)分表(biao)測頭頂(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)八方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)邊(bian)(bian)上,沿導(dao)向(xiang)槽移動(dong)千(qian)分表(biao)座(zuo),使(shi)千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)兩處的(de)(de)(de)(de)讀(du)數一(yi)樣(靠(kao)滾動(dong)蝸桿(gan)手(shou)柄來調整(zheng))。然后將(jiang)作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)轉過45°(即360°/8),千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)另一(yi)邊(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)悉數長度(du)上檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha),順次檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)各邊(bian)(bian)。千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)恣意一(yi)邊(bian)(bian)兩頭讀(du)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)較大差(cha)值即是分度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)。
淺談進口車床(chuang)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)使用(yong)知識工(gong)件(jian)必(bi)須夾(jia)牢在(zai)夾(jia)具(ju)或(huo)(huo)(huo)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺上(shang),夾(jia)裝工(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)壓板不(bu)得(de)長出工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺,在(zai)機床(chuang)大行程內不(bu)準站(zhan)人(ren)(ren)。刀(dao)具(ju)不(bu)得(de)伸出過長,應(ying)(ying)裝夾(jia)牢靠。2、校(xiao)正(zheng)工(gong)件(jian)時(shi)(shi),嚴禁(jin)用(yong)金屬物(wu)猛敲或(huo)(huo)(huo)用(yong)刀(dao)架(jia)推頂工(gong)件(jian)。3、工(gong)件(jian)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)超出單臂刨(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)時(shi)(shi),其重心對工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺重心的(de)(de)(de)偏(pian)移(yi)量不(bu)應(ying)(ying)大于(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺寬(kuan)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)四分之一(yi)。 4、調整(zheng)沖程應(ying)(ying)使刀(dao)具(ju)不(bu)接觸(chu)工(gong)件(jian),用(yong)手(shou)(shou)柄搖動(dong)進行全(quan)行程試驗(yan),滑(hua)枕調整(zheng)后應(ying)(ying)鎖緊并隨時(shi)(shi)取(qu)下(xia)搖手(shou)(shou)柄,以免落下(xia)傷人(ren)(ren)。5、龍門(men)(men)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)床(chuang)面(mian)(mian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)工(gong)件(jian)伸出過長時(shi)(shi),應(ying)(ying)設(she)防護欄桿(gan),在(zai)欄桿(gan)內禁(jin)止(zhi)通(tong)過行人(ren)(ren)或(huo)(huo)(huo)堆碼物(wu)品(pin)(pin)。6、龍門(men)(men)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)在(zai)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)削大工(gong)件(jian)前,應(ying)(ying)先檢查(cha)工(gong)件(jian)與龍門(men)(men)柱(zhu)、刀(dao)架(jia)間的(de)(de)(de)預留(liu)空隙(xi),并檢查(cha)工(gong)件(jian)高度(du)(du)限位(wei)器安裝是否正(zheng)確(que)牢固。7、龍門(men)(men)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺面(mian)(mian)和(he)床(chuang)面(mian)(mian)及(ji)刀(dao)架(jia)上(shang)禁(jin)止(zhi)站(zhan)人(ren)(ren)、存放工(gong)具(ju)和(he)其它物(wu)品(pin)(pin)。操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)不(bu)得(de)跨(kua)越臺面(mian)(mian)。8、作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)于(yu)牛頭刨(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)手(shou)(shou)柄上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)力,在(zai)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺水平移(yi)動(dong)時(shi)(shi),不(bu)應(ying)(ying)超過8kg,上(shang)下(xia)移(yi)動(dong)時(shi)(shi),不(bu)應(ying)(ying)超過10kg。9、工(gong)件(jian)裝卸、翻身時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)注意(yi)銳邊、毛刺割手(shou)(shou)。
東(dong)北(bei)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)時傾斜度(du)差錯的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)辦(ban)法(fa),在(zai)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)導軌的(de)(de)基地方(fang)位,平行(xing)于橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)放置一個(ge)水平儀(yi)。移(yi)(yi)動(dong)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang),每隔500mm(或(huo)(huo)小于500mm)記(ji)載一次讀(du)數(shu)(shu),在(zai)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)悉數(shu)(shu)行(xing)程上(shang)至少記(ji)載3個(ge)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)。在(zai)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)悉數(shu)(shu)行(xing)程上(shang)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)時,兩筆直(zhi)刀架(或(huo)(huo)銑頭(tou))應移(yi)(yi)到橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)上(shang)相對稱(cheng)的(de)(de)方(fang)位。而橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)方(fang)向,只(zhi)能(neng)由下往上(shang),不能(neng)往復。這種辦(ban)法(fa)多用于龍(long)門刨床(chuang)、數(shu)(shu)控銑床(chuang)、立(li)式車床(chuang)等橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)時的(de)(de)傾斜度(du)差錯的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)。