坐(zuo)(zuo)標車床鏜床的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)精度需求(qiu)是(shi)比(bi)較高的(de)(de),所以要檢(jian)查(cha)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺或主軸箱在移(yi)動(dong)(dong)坐(zuo)(zuo)標定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)差(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)。 國產各式(shi)坐(zuo)(zuo)標鏜床的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)系(xi)有光學(xue)體(ti)系(xi)和機械(xie)體(ti)系(xi)(即(ji)絲(si)杠和校對尺)。選用(yong)的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)系(xi)雖不一(yi)樣(yang),但定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)差(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)的(de)(de)丈量(liang)辦法是(shi)一(yi)樣(yang)的(de)(de)。在機床臺上(shang),沿縱向(xiang)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)方向(xiang)放置一(yi)個(ge)精細的(de)(de)刻(ke)(ke)線(xian)尺(刻(ke)(ke)線(xian)尺的(de)(de)刻(ke)(ke)線(xian)精度應(ying)帶差(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)檢(jian)定(ding)(ding)表,檢(jian)定(ding)(ding)精度在0.0005mm以內),刻(ke)(ke)線(xian)尺放在作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺的(de)(de)基地,高度應(ying)在作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺面至筆直主軸端面較大間隔的(de)(de)l/3~l/2處(chu)。將讀(du)數(shu)顯微鏡(jing)(其讀(du)數(shu)精度為0.001~0.002mm)固定(ding)(ding)在主軸套筒上(shang),使顯微鏡(jing)能明晰(xi)地觀(guan)察到刻(ke)(ke)線(xian)尺上(shang)的(de)(de)刻(ke)(ke)線(xian),對作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺在規則長度上(shang)的(de)(de)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)進行檢(jian)查(cha)(通常規則每(mei)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)l0mm讀(du)數(shu)一(yi)次)。在讀(du)數(shu)時,廠(chang)家作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺應(ying)夾緊。定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)差(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)是(shi)恣意兩次定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)時讀(du)數(shu)的(de)(de)實踐差(cha)(cha)值的(de)(de)大代數(shu)差(cha)(cha)。
用(yong)(yong)(yong)精(jing)細(xi)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)轉臺(tai)(tai)縱(zong)切機床(chuang)比照檢(jian)查反轉作(zuo)(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)分度差錯(cuo)雖不(bu)及(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)經(jing)緯儀丈(zhang)量準確,卻比用(yong)(yong)(yong)經(jing)緯儀便利(li),操作(zuo)(zuo)簡略,功率較高。其辦法:將精(jing)細(xi)轉臺(tai)(tai)置(zhi)于平(ping)(ping)(ping)板上或(huo)機床(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)上,用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)儀檢(jian)查,使廠家轉臺(tai)(tai)處于水(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)狀況。將被檢(jian)的反轉作(zuo)(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)疊(die)放(fang)在精(jing)細(xi)轉臺(tai)(tai)上,用(yong)(yong)(yong)千分表找正兩(liang)(liang)轉臺(tai)(tai)作(zuo)(zuo)業面的彼此平(ping)(ping)(ping)行度(不(bu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)行時用(yong)(yong)(yong)墊(dian)(dian)塊墊(dian)(dian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)),并使兩(liang)(liang)轉臺(tai)(tai)定位孔(kong)反轉基地(di)線重合,用(yong)(yong)(yong)螺(luo)釘固定兩(liang)(liang)個轉臺(tai)(tai)連(lian)成一體。
坐(zuo)標鏜(tang)(tang)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)精(jing)度(du)需求是比(bi)較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),所以(yi)沈陽車床進口要檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)作業(ye)臺(tai)或主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)箱在移(yi)動(dong)坐(zuo)標定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)差(cha)(cha)錯。國產(chan)各式坐(zuo)標鏜(tang)(tang)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)體系有(you)光學體系(即絲杠(gang)和校對(dui)尺(chi))。選用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)體系雖不一樣(yang),但定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)差(cha)(cha)錯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丈量辦(ban)法是一樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在機床臺(tai)上(shang),沿縱向移(yi)動(dong)方向放置一個(ge)精(jing)細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刻線尺(chi)(刻線尺(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刻線精(jing)度(du)應(ying)帶差(cha)(cha)錯檢(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)表,檢(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)精(jing)度(du)在0.0005mm以(yi)內),刻線尺(chi)放在作業(ye)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基地,高度(du)應(ying)在作業(ye)臺(tai)面至筆(bi)直主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)端(duan)面較大(da)間隔的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)l/3~l/2處。將讀(du)數顯微(wei)鏡(其(qi)讀(du)數精(jing)度(du)為0.001~0.002mm)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)在主(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)套筒上(shang),使顯微(wei)鏡能明晰地觀察(cha)到刻線尺(chi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刻線,對(dui)作業(ye)臺(tai)在規(gui)則長度(du)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)移(yi)動(dong)進行檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(通常規(gui)則每移(yi)動(dong)l0mm讀(du)數一次)。在讀(du)數時(shi),作業(ye)臺(tai)應(ying)夾緊。定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)差(cha)(cha)錯是恣意兩次定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)時(shi)讀(du)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐差(cha)(cha)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)代數差(cha)(cha)。
通(tong)常(chang)數(shu)(shu)控機(ji)床反(fan)(fan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)臺是(shi)銑床的附件,分(fen)度(du)(du)精(jing)度(du)(du)較低,故可選(xuan)用(yong)八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)具進(jin)行檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)。八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)具的外接圓(yuan)直徑為250mm。在(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)臺錐孔中(zhong)嚴密刺進(jin)八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)具的定位心(xin)軸(zhou),以(yi)確(que)保作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)臺反(fan)(fan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)基(ji)地與八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)具外接圓(yuan)基(ji)地重合。將(jiang)(jiang)被檢(jian)(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)臺固(gu)定于(yu)查(cha)驗(yan)平板上(shang)(shang),將(jiang)(jiang)千(qian)(qian)(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)底(di)座上(shang)(shang)的凸緣靠緊在(zai)查(cha)驗(yan)平板上(shang)(shang)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)槽的旁(pang)邊(bian)面沒有導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)槽的可用(yong)平尺(chi)替(ti)代),使千(qian)(qian)(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)測頭(tou)頂在(zai)八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)(jian)具的一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)上(shang)(shang),沿導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)槽移動千(qian)(qian)(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)座,使千(qian)(qian)(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)在(zai)兩(liang)處的讀數(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)樣(靠滾動蝸桿手柄來調整(zheng))。然(ran)后廠(chang)家將(jiang)(jiang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)臺轉(zhuan)(zhuan)過45°(即(ji)(ji)360°/8),千(qian)(qian)(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)在(zai)另一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)的悉數(shu)(shu)長度(du)(du)上(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha),順次檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)各邊(bian)。千(qian)(qian)(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)在(zai)恣意一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)兩(liang)頭(tou)讀數(shu)(shu)的較大差值即(ji)(ji)是(shi)分(fen)度(du)(du)差錯。
對(dui)于(yu)縱切機床電力(li)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)(wei)護,廠家首先要做的(de)(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是使得數控加工中心的(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作規程正(zheng)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)執行下去(qu),對(dui)于(yu)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要經過專(zhuan)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)訓練,保證這些操(cao)(cao)(cao)作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)在日常的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)中嚴格按照(zhao)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作規程來(lai)(lai)進行操(cao)(cao)(cao)作,同時提高操(cao)(cao)(cao)作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作水平也能較大程度(du)上減(jian)少故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發生。在操(cao)(cao)(cao)作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)訓練中,還要講到發生故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang),告(gao)知(zhi)操(cao)(cao)(cao)作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)遇到這種情(qing)況(kuang)不(bu)要慌張,可以馬上去(qu)找設備維(wei)(wei)修人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)來(lai)(lai)排(pai)除故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)。