對于自動化車床電力系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)維護，廠家(jia)首先要做的(de)(de)就是使得數控加工中(zhong)心的(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)正(zheng)確的(de)(de)執行下去，對于操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)(yuan)要經過專(zhuan)業的(de)(de)訓練，保證這些操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)(yuan)在日常的(de)(de)生產(chan)中(zhong)嚴格(ge)按照操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)規(gui)程(cheng)來(lai)進(jin)行操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，同時提高操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)水平也(ye)能較大(da)程(cheng)度(du)上減少(shao)故(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)發生。在操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)訓練中(zhong)，還要講到(dao)發生故(gu)障(zhang)時的(de)(de)情況(kuang)，告(gao)知操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)(yuan)遇到(dao)這種情況(kuang)不(bu)要慌張，可以馬上去找設備(bei)維修(xiu)人員(yuan)(yuan)來(lai)排除故(gu)障(zhang)。

淺談(tan)進(jin)口車床(chuang)刨(bao)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)安全使用(yong)知識工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)必須夾牢在夾具或(huo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)上(shang)，夾裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)壓板不(bu)(bu)(bu)得長(chang)出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)，在機床(chuang)大行(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)準站(zhan)人(ren)。刀具不(bu)(bu)(bu)得伸出過(guo)長(chang)，應(ying)裝(zhuang)夾牢靠(kao)。2、校(xiao)正工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)時(shi)，嚴禁(jin)(jin)用(yong)金(jin)屬物猛敲(qiao)或(huo)用(yong)刀架推頂(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)。3、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)寬度(du)超出單臂刨(bao)床(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)寬度(du)時(shi)，其重(zhong)心對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)重(zhong)心的(de)(de)(de)偏(pian)移量不(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)大于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)寬度(du)的(de)(de)(de)四(si)分之一。 4、調整沖(chong)程(cheng)(cheng)應(ying)使刀具不(bu)(bu)(bu)接觸(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)，用(yong)手(shou)(shou)柄搖動(dong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)全行(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)試(shi)驗，滑(hua)枕調整后應(ying)鎖緊并(bing)隨時(shi)取下(xia)(xia)搖手(shou)(shou)柄，以免(mian)落下(xia)(xia)傷人(ren)。5、龍(long)門刨(bao)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)床(chuang)面(mian)或(huo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)伸出過(guo)長(chang)時(shi)，應(ying)設防(fang)護欄桿，在欄桿內(nei)禁(jin)(jin)止(zhi)通過(guo)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)或(huo)堆碼(ma)物品(pin)。6、龍(long)門刨(bao)床(chuang)在刨(bao)削大工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)前，應(ying)先檢(jian)查工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)與龍(long)門柱、刀架間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)預留空(kong)隙(xi)，并(bing)檢(jian)查工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)高(gao)度(du)限位器安裝(zhuang)是否正確牢固。7、龍(long)門刨(bao)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)面(mian)和(he)床(chuang)面(mian)及(ji)刀架上(shang)禁(jin)(jin)止(zhi)站(zhan)人(ren)、存放(fang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具和(he)其它物品(pin)。操作(zuo)人(ren)員不(bu)(bu)(bu)得跨越臺(tai)面(mian)。8、作(zuo)用(yong)于牛頭刨(bao)床(chuang)手(shou)(shou)柄上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)力(li)，在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)水平移動(dong)時(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)超過(guo)8kg，上(shang)下(xia)(xia)移動(dong)時(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)超過(guo)10kg。9、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)裝(zhuang)卸、翻(fan)身時(shi)應(ying)注意銳邊、毛刺割手(shou)(shou)。

天津(jin)，沈陽機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)龍門刨床(chuang)(chuang)、龍門銑(xian)床(chuang)(chuang)、臥(wo)式銑(xian)鏜床(chuang)(chuang)等(deng)沈陽機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)作業臺(tai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程大于(yu)2000mm，進(jin)口臥(wo)式車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)、絲(si)杠車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)等(deng)溜板行(xing)(xing)(xing)程大于(yu)3000mm時(shi)，因(yin)為2000mm以(yi)上(shang)的平尺易于(yu)變形，并且2000mm以(yi)上(shang)的查(cha)驗棒在(zai)(zai)制造上(shang)也有(you)許多艱難，故應選(xuan)用鋼絲(si)和(he)顯微(wei)鏡(jing)等(deng)工具進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢查(cha)。其檢查(cha)辦(ban)(ban)法與導軌直(zhi)線度差(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)的檢查(cha)辦(ban)(ban)法一樣，可(ke)參見(jian)拉鋼絲(si)檢查(cha)導軌在(zai)(zai)水(shui)平面內直(zhi)線度差(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)的檢查(cha)辦(ban)(ban)法。有(you)條件時(shi)亦可(ke)使(shi)用光學平直(zhi)儀(yi)檢查(cha)，將光學平直(zhi)儀(yi)置于(yu)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)一端，反(fan)射鏡(jing)置于(yu)溜板或作業臺(tai)面上(shang)，在(zai)(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程的兩(liang)個(ge)極限(xian)方位，調整(zheng)平直(zhi)儀(yi)及(ji)反(fan)射鏡(jing)，使(shi)平行(xing)(xing)(xing)光管(guan)的亮十(shi)字像同可(ke)動分(fen)劃板的準線重合。作業臺(tai)每移動500mm，讀數一次并作好記(ji)載，將讀數順(shun)次擺放畫出作業臺(tai)的運動曲線，再核算1000mm長度上(shang)和(he)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程全長上(shang)的差(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)值。

通常數(shu)(shu)控(kong)機床(chuang)反轉(zhuan)作(zuo)業臺是銑床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)附(fu)件，分(fen)度(du)精度(du)較(jiao)低，故可(ke)選用(yong)八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)進行檢(jian)查。八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)外接圓直(zhi)徑為250mm。在作(zuo)業臺錐(zhui)孔中(zhong)嚴密刺進八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)定位心(xin)軸，以(yi)確保作(zuo)業臺反轉(zhuan)基地與八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)外接圓基地重合。將被檢(jian)作(zuo)業臺固(gu)定于查驗(yan)平(ping)板(ban)上，將千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)底座(zuo)上的(de)(de)(de)凸緣靠(kao)緊在查驗(yan)平(ping)板(ban)上導(dao)向槽的(de)(de)(de)旁邊面沒有導(dao)向槽的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)用(yong)平(ping)尺替代)，使千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)測(ce)頭(tou)頂在八(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊上，沿導(dao)向槽移(yi)動千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)座(zuo)，使千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)在兩處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣（靠(kao)滾動蝸桿手(shou)柄來調整）。然后廠(chang)家將作(zuo)業臺轉(zhuan)過45°（即360°/8），千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)在另一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊的(de)(de)(de)悉數(shu)(shu)長度(du)上檢(jian)查，順次檢(jian)查各邊。千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)(biao)在恣意(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)邊兩頭(tou)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)大差(cha)值即是分(fen)度(du)差(cha)錯。

沈陽機床(chuang)起(qi)動前準備(bei) 1、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)必(bi)須夾(jia)牢(lao)在(zai)夾(jia)具(ju)或(huo)(huo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺上(shang)(shang)，夾(jia)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)壓(ya)板(ban)不(bu)得長(chang)出(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺，在(zai)機床(chuang)大(da)(da)行程內不(bu)準站(zhan)人。刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)不(bu)得伸(shen)(shen)出(chu)過(guo)長(chang)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)夾(jia)牢(lao)靠。2、校正工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，嚴禁用(yong)(yong)金屬物猛敲或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)刀(dao)(dao)架推頂工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。3、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)寬度(du)超(chao)出(chu)單臂刨(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)寬度(du)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，其(qi)重心對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺重心的(de)(de)偏移(yi)量(liang)不(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)大(da)(da)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺寬度(du)的(de)(de)四(si)分之一。 4、調整沖(chong)程應(ying)(ying)(ying)使(shi)刀(dao)(dao)具(ju)不(bu)接(jie)觸工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，用(yong)(yong)手(shou)(shou)柄(bing)搖(yao)動進行全行程試(shi)驗(yan)，滑(hua)枕調整后應(ying)(ying)(ying)鎖緊并(bing)隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)取下(xia)(xia)搖(yao)手(shou)(shou)柄(bing)，以免(mian)落(luo)下(xia)(xia)傷人。5、龍門(men)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)的(de)(de)床(chuang)面(mian)或(huo)(huo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伸(shen)(shen)出(chu)過(guo)長(chang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)設防護(hu)欄桿，在(zai)欄桿內禁止(zhi)通過(guo)行人或(huo)(huo)堆碼物品。6、龍門(men)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)在(zai)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)削大(da)(da)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前，應(ying)(ying)(ying)先檢(jian)查(cha)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與龍門(men)柱(zhu)、刀(dao)(dao)架間(jian)的(de)(de)預留空隙(xi)，并(bing)檢(jian)查(cha)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)高度(du)限位器安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)是(shi)否(fou)正確牢(lao)固。7、龍門(men)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺面(mian)和床(chuang)面(mian)及刀(dao)(dao)架上(shang)(shang)禁止(zhi)站(zhan)人、存放工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)和其(qi)它物品。操作(zuo)(zuo)人員不(bu)得跨越臺面(mian)。8、作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)于牛(niu)頭刨(bao)(bao)(bao)床(chuang)手(shou)(shou)柄(bing)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)力，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺水平移(yi)動時(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)超(chao)過(guo)8kg，上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)移(yi)動時(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)超(chao)過(guo)10kg。9、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)卸、翻(fan)身時(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)注意銳(rui)邊、毛刺(ci)割手(shou)(shou)。

依據(ju)運(yun)用(yong)和(he)規劃(hua)的需求，數控(kong)機床的主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)有各種不(bu)一樣(yang)的定(ding)心辦法，銷售以確保(bao)工件或刀具在反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)時(shi)處(chu)于平穩狀況，因而進口需求定(ding)心軸(zhou)(zhou)頸(jing)的外(wai)表與主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)反轉(zhuan)(zhuan)軸(zhou)(zhou)線同(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)。檢查同(tong)軸(zhou)(zhou)度(du)差(cha)錯的辦法也即是(shi)丈量(liang)其徑向和(he)斜向圓(yuan)跳(tiao)動(dong)差(cha)錯。將千分(fen)(fen)表（丈量(liang)精度(du)需求高(gao)時(shi)選用(yong)測(ce)(ce)微儀）固定(ding)在機床上(shang)，使千分(fen)(fen)表測(ce)(ce)頭(tou)頂在主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)定(ding)心軸(zhou)(zhou)頸(jing)外(wai)表上(shang)（若為錐面(mian)，則測(ce)(ce)頭(tou)筆直于錐面(mian)），旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)檢查。千分(fen)(fen)表讀數的較大(da)差(cha)值(zhi)，即是(shi)定(ding)心軸(zhou)(zhou)頸(jing)徑向和(he)斜向圓(yuan)跳(tiao)動(dong)差(cha)錯的數值(zhi)。其丈量(liang)方(fang)向是(shi)被(bei)測(ce)(ce)面(mian)的方(fang)向。