用(yong)(yong)精細水平轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)臺(tai)(tai)比照檢(jian)查反(fan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)(tai)分度差(cha)錯雖不(bu)(bu)及用(yong)(yong)經緯儀丈量準確,數(shu)控車床(chuang)卻比用(yong)(yong)經緯儀便利,操作(zuo)簡(jian)略,功率較高。其(qi)辦法(fa):將精細轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)臺(tai)(tai)置于平板上或機(ji)床(chuang)作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)(tai)上,用(yong)(yong)水平儀檢(jian)查,使(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)臺(tai)(tai)處于水平狀況。將被檢(jian)的反(fan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)(tai)疊放在精細轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)臺(tai)(tai)上,用(yong)(yong)千(qian)分表找正兩轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)臺(tai)(tai)作(zuo)業(ye)面的彼此平行度(不(bu)(bu)平行時(shi)用(yong)(yong)墊塊(kuai)墊平),并使(shi)兩轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)臺(tai)(tai)定位(wei)孔反(fan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)基地線(xian)重合,用(yong)(yong)螺釘固定兩個轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)臺(tai)(tai)連成一(yi)體銷售。
天(tian)津機床(chuang)溜板(ban)移(yi)動時傾斜度(du)差錯檢查,將水平儀置于(yu)溜板(ban)燕尾導軌(gui)上(shang)接近刀(dao)架(jia)的當地,筆直于(yu)床(chuang)身(shen)導軌(gui)(即(ji)溜板(ban)行(xing)程(cheng)方向(xiang))。移(yi)動溜板(ban),每隔(ge)250mm(或(huo)500mm、或(huo)小于(yu)此值)記載一(yi)次(ci)讀數(shu)(shu)(shu),在溜板(ban)的悉數(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)上(shang)檢查。水平儀在1000mm行(xing)程(cheng)和悉數(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)上(shang)讀數(shu)(shu)(shu)的較大代數(shu)(shu)(shu)差值,即(ji)是(shi)傾斜度(du)差錯。傾斜度(du)差錯以斜率或(huo)角(jiao)值表明。
通常數控機床反轉(zhuan)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)臺是銑床的(de)(de)(de)附件,分(fen)度精(jing)度較(jiao)低,故可選用八(ba)(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)(ju)進行檢(jian)查。八(ba)(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)外接(jie)圓直徑為250mm。在(zai)(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)臺錐孔中(zhong)嚴密刺進八(ba)(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)定位(wei)心軸,以確(que)保作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)臺反轉(zhuan)基地與八(ba)(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)(ju)外接(jie)圓基地重合(he)。將被(bei)檢(jian)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)臺固定于查驗平(ping)(ping)板(ban)上(shang)(shang),將千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)底座上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)凸緣靠緊在(zai)(zai)查驗平(ping)(ping)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)導(dao)向槽(cao)的(de)(de)(de)旁邊(bian)面沒有導(dao)向槽(cao)的(de)(de)(de)可用平(ping)(ping)尺替代),使(shi)千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)測頭(tou)頂在(zai)(zai)八(ba)(ba)方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)上(shang)(shang),沿導(dao)向槽(cao)移動(dong)(dong)千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)座,使(shi)千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)在(zai)(zai)兩處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)讀數一(yi)(yi)樣(靠滾動(dong)(dong)蝸桿手(shou)柄來調整)。然后廠家將作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)臺轉(zhuan)過45°(即360°/8),千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)在(zai)(zai)另一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)悉數長度上(shang)(shang)檢(jian)查,順次檢(jian)查各邊(bian)。千(qian)分(fen)表(biao)在(zai)(zai)恣意一(yi)(yi)邊(bian)兩頭(tou)讀數的(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)大差值即是分(fen)度差錯。
天(tian)津,沈陽(yang)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)龍門刨床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、龍門銑(xian)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、臥(wo)式銑(xian)鏜床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)等(deng)沈陽(yang)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)作業臺行(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)大于2000mm,進口臥(wo)式車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)、絲(si)(si)杠車(che)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)等(deng)溜(liu)板(ban)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)大于3000mm時,因為(wei)2000mm以上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)平尺易于變形,并且(qie)2000mm以上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)查(cha)(cha)驗棒在(zai)制造上(shang)(shang)也有(you)許多艱難,故應選用鋼絲(si)(si)和顯(xian)微(wei)鏡等(deng)工具進行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)。其檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)與導(dao)軌直(zhi)線度差錯(cuo)的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)一(yi)樣(yang),可參(can)見拉鋼絲(si)(si)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)導(dao)軌在(zai)水平面內直(zhi)線度差錯(cuo)的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha)辦(ban)(ban)法(fa)。有(you)條件時亦可使(shi)用光(guang)學平直(zhi)儀(yi)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)(cha),將光(guang)學平直(zhi)儀(yi)置于機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)一(yi)端,反射鏡置于溜(liu)板(ban)或作業臺面上(shang)(shang),在(zai)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)兩個極限方(fang)位,調整平直(zhi)儀(yi)及反射鏡,使(shi)平行(xing)(xing)(xing)光(guang)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)亮十字像同(tong)可動(dong)分劃板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)準線重(zhong)合(he)。作業臺每移動(dong)500mm,讀(du)數(shu)一(yi)次(ci)并作好(hao)記載,將讀(du)數(shu)順次(ci)擺放畫出作業臺的(de)(de)(de)運動(dong)曲線,再核(he)算1000mm長度上(shang)(shang)和行(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)全(quan)長上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)差錯(cuo)值。