數(shu)(shu)控(kong)車床溜(liu)(liu)板(ban)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)在(zai)筆直平面(mian)內直線(xian)(xian)度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)檢查：搖擺(bai)手柄(bing)，將如架(jia)向(xiang)基地線(xian)(xian)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)，在(zai)溜(liu)(liu)板(ban)上(shang)(shang)接(jie)近(jin)刀架(jia)的(de)(de)當(dang)地和床身(shen)導軌平等地放一個水平儀(yi)。溜(liu)(liu)板(ban)移(yi)(yi)至(zhi)近(jin)主(zhu)軸箱處，記(ji)載一次(ci)水平儀(yi)讀數(shu)(shu)，今后進口(kou)溜(liu)(liu)板(ban)向(xiang)尾座方向(xiang)每移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)500mm（或小于(yu)(yu)500mm）記(ji)載一次(ci)讀數(shu)(shu)，在(zai)溜(liu)(liu)板(ban)的(de)(de)悉數(shu)(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)上(shang)(shang)記(ji)載不少于(yu)(yu)四次(ci)。將水平儀(yi)的(de)(de)讀數(shu)(shu)，順次(ci)擺(bai)放，畫出(chu)溜(liu)(liu)板(ban)的(de)(de)運動(dong)(dong)曲線(xian)(xian)。在(zai)溜(liu)(liu)板(ban)每移(yi)(yi)動(dong)(dong)1000mm行(xing)程(cheng)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)運動(dong)(dong)曲線(xian)(xian)至(zhi)它的(de)(de)兩頭點(dian)連線(xian)(xian)間的(de)(de)較大坐(zuo)標值(zhi)，即是(shi)1000mm行(xing)程(cheng)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)直線(xian)(xian)度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)。連接(jie)悉數(shu)(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)運動(dong)(dong)曲線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)兩頭點(dian)連線(xian)(xian)，運動(dong)(dong)曲線(xian)(xian)至(zhi)該連線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)較大坐(zuo)標值(zhi)，即是(shi)悉數(shu)(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)直線(xian)(xian)度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)。

坐(zuo)標(biao)車(che)床鏜床的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)精度(du)需求是(shi)比較(jiao)高的(de)(de)，所以(yi)要(yao)檢(jian)(jian)查作(zuo)(zuo)業臺或(huo)主軸(zhou)箱在(zai)移(yi)動坐(zuo)標(biao)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)后的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)差(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)。 國產各(ge)式坐(zuo)標(biao)鏜床的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)系(xi)有光(guang)學體(ti)系(xi)和(he)(he)機械體(ti)系(xi)（即絲杠和(he)(he)校(xiao)對(dui)(dui)尺(chi)）。選用的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)體(ti)系(xi)雖不一樣(yang)，但定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)差(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)的(de)(de)丈量辦法是(shi)一樣(yang)的(de)(de)。在(zai)機床臺上(shang)，沿縱向移(yi)動方向放(fang)置一個精細的(de)(de)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)線(xian)尺(chi)（刻(ke)(ke)(ke)線(xian)尺(chi)的(de)(de)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)線(xian)精度(du)應(ying)帶差(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)檢(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)表，檢(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)精度(du)在(zai)0.0005mm以(yi)內），刻(ke)(ke)(ke)線(xian)尺(chi)放(fang)在(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)業臺的(de)(de)基地，高度(du)應(ying)在(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)業臺面至筆直主軸(zhou)端面較(jiao)大間隔(ge)的(de)(de)l/3~l/2處。將(jiang)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)顯微鏡(jing)（其讀(du)數(shu)(shu)精度(du)為(wei)0.001~0.002mm）固定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)在(zai)主軸(zhou)套筒上(shang)，使顯微鏡(jing)能明晰地觀(guan)察到(dao)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)線(xian)尺(chi)上(shang)的(de)(de)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)線(xian)，對(dui)(dui)作(zuo)(zuo)業臺在(zai)規則長度(du)上(shang)的(de)(de)移(yi)動進行檢(jian)(jian)查（通(tong)常規則每(mei)移(yi)動l0mm讀(du)數(shu)(shu)一次）。在(zai)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)時，廠(chang)家作(zuo)(zuo)業臺應(ying)夾緊。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)差(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)是(shi)恣意(yi)兩次定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)時讀(du)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)實踐差(cha)值的(de)(de)大代(dai)數(shu)(shu)差(cha)。

廠家數(shu)控(kong)車床對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)的方法(fa)手動對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)即為“試切—測量—調(diao)整”的對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)模(mo)式，主(zhu)要應用于(yu)單件小(xiao)批量零件的生產中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，且操(cao)(cao)作方法(fa)簡單，對(dui)(dui)(dui)機(ji)床精度要求較低；對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)儀(yi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)適用于(yu)批量生產過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)效率高(gao)，精度高(gao)，主(zhu)要應用于(yu)標準及高(gao)檔(dang)數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；ATC對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)由(you)于(yu)操(cao)(cao)縱對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)鏡以(yi)及對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)過程還是手動操(cao)(cao)作，故仍有一定的對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)誤(wu)差；自動對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)由(you)于(yu)是在CNC系(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)具備了刀(dao)具自動檢測的輔助功能，因此對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)精度高(gao)，一般用于(yu)高(gao)檔(dang)數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

10年(nian)(nian)數(shu)控(kong)車床(chuang)老師傅(fu)分享的(de)(de)操作(zuo)技巧與心得：時(shi)間如逝，一轉(zhuan)眼操作(zuo)沈陽(yang)數(shu)控(kong)機床(chuang)已有十年(nian)(nian)，十年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)摸爬滾打(da)讓我(wo)積累了(le)數(shu)控(kong)車床(chuang)的(de)(de)一些加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技巧與心得，與各位(wei)同仁(ren)交(jiao)流。因(yin)(yin)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)更換頻繁及(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)條件(jian)(jian)受(shou)限，十年(nian)(nian)來我(wo)們(men)都是自(zi)己編程(cheng)(cheng)，自(zi)己對(dui)刀，自(zi)己調試(shi)(shi)及(ji)(ji)完(wan)成零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，總(zong)結(jie)起(qi)來操作(zuo)技巧分為以下幾點：零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)編完(wan)程(cheng)(cheng)序，對(dui)好(hao)刀后(hou)(hou)(hou)需要(yao)進(jin)行試(shi)(shi)切調試(shi)(shi)，為了(le)防(fang)止(zhi)程(cheng)(cheng)序上(shang)出現錯誤和對(dui)刀的(de)(de)失誤，造成撞機事故，我(wo)們(men)應該(gai)先進(jin)行空行程(cheng)(cheng)模擬(ni)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，廠(chang)家在(zai)(zai)機床(chuang)的(de)(de)座標系里面對(dui)刀具向(xiang)右整體平移零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)總(zong)長的(de)(de)2——3倍；然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)開(kai)(kai)始模擬(ni)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，模擬(ni)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)成以后(hou)(hou)(hou)確認(ren)程(cheng)(cheng)序及(ji)(ji)對(dui)刀無誤，再開(kai)(kai)始對(dui)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)進(jin)行加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，首件(jian)(jian)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)成后(hou)(hou)(hou)，先自(zi)檢，確認(ren)合格(ge)(ge)，再找專職檢驗(yan)檢查(cha)，專職檢驗(yan)確認(ren)合格(ge)(ge)后(hou)(hou)(hou)這才表(biao)示調試(shi)(shi)結(jie)束。成零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)首件(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)切完(wan)成后(hou)(hou)(hou)，就(jiu)要(yao)進(jin)行成批(pi)生(sheng)產，但首件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)合格(ge)(ge)并不 等于(yu)整批(pi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)就(jiu)會合格(ge)(ge)，因(yin)(yin)為在(zai)(zai)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中，因(yin)(yin)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材料的(de)(de)不同會使刀具產生(sheng)