假如數控(kong)車床車床溜板(ban)的(de)(de)行程小于3000mm,車床溜板(ban)移動在(zai)水平(ping)面內(nei)直(zhi)線(xian)度差(cha)錯的(de)(de)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)可用(yong)長圓(yuan)柱查(cha)(cha)驗棒(bang)(bang)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)。在(zai)前后尖間,頂緊一根長圓(yuan)柱查(cha)(cha)驗棒(bang)(bang),將千(qian)分表(biao)固定在(zai)溜板(ban)上(shang),使千(qian)分表(biao)測頭頂在(zai)查(cha)(cha)驗棒(bang)(bang)的(de)(de)側母線(xian)上(shang)。調整尾座(zuo),使千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)查(cha)(cha)驗棒(bang)(bang)兩頭的(de)(de)讀(du)(du)數持平(ping)。移動溜板(ban),在(zai)溜板(ban)的(de)(de)悉數行程上(shang)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)。千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)1000mm行程上(shang)的(de)(de)讀(du)(du)數較大(da)差(cha)值(zhi),即是代理直(zhi)線(xian)度差(cha)錯。
通(tong)常數控機(ji)床(chuang)反轉(zhuan)作(zuo)業臺是(shi)銑床(chuang)的(de)附件,分(fen)(fen)(fen)度(du)(du)(du)精度(du)(du)(du)較低(di),故可(ke)(ke)選用(yong)(yong)八方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)進行檢(jian)查。八方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)的(de)外接(jie)圓(yuan)直徑(jing)為250mm。在(zai)作(zuo)業臺錐孔中嚴密刺(ci)進八方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)的(de)定位心軸,以確(que)保(bao)作(zuo)業臺反轉(zhuan)基地與八方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)外接(jie)圓(yuan)基地重合。將被檢(jian)作(zuo)業臺固(gu)定于查驗平(ping)板上(shang),將千(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)表(biao)底座(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)的(de)凸緣靠(kao)緊在(zai)查驗平(ping)板上(shang)導向(xiang)槽的(de)旁邊面沒有導向(xiang)槽的(de)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)平(ping)尺替代(dai)),使千(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)表(biao)測頭頂在(zai)八方(fang)檢(jian)具(ju)(ju)的(de)一邊上(shang),沿(yan)導向(xiang)槽移動千(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)表(biao)座(zuo)(zuo),使千(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)表(biao)在(zai)兩處的(de)讀(du)數一樣(靠(kao)滾(gun)動蝸桿手柄來調整)。然(ran)后廠家將作(zuo)業臺轉(zhuan)過45°(即(ji)360°/8),千(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)表(biao)在(zai)另一邊的(de)悉(xi)數長度(du)(du)(du)上(shang)檢(jian)查,順(shun)次檢(jian)查各邊。千(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)表(biao)在(zai)恣(zi)意一邊兩頭讀(du)數的(de)較大差(cha)值即(ji)是(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)度(du)(du)(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)。
對于(yu)縱切機床電力(li)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)維護,廠家首(shou)先要做的(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是使得數控加工中心的(de)(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)規程正確的(de)(de)(de)執行下去,對于(yu)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要經(jing)過(guo)專業的(de)(de)(de)訓練,保(bao)證這些操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)在日常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)生產中嚴格按照操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)規程來(lai)進行操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo),同時提高操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)水(shui)平(ping)也(ye)能(neng)較大程度上減少故障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生。在操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)訓練中,還要講到發(fa)生故障(zhang)時的(de)(de)(de)情況,告知操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)遇到這種情況不要慌張,可(ke)以馬上去找設備維修(xiu)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)來(lai)排除故障(zhang)。
用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)精(jing)細水(shui)(shui)平(ping)轉臺(tai)(tai)縱(zong)切機床(chuang)比照(zhao)檢(jian)(jian)查反(fan)轉作業(ye)(ye)(ye)臺(tai)(tai)分度(du)差錯雖不及(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)經(jing)緯儀丈量準確,卻比用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)經(jing)緯儀便利,操作簡(jian)略,功率較高。其辦法(fa):將精(jing)細轉臺(tai)(tai)置于平(ping)板上或機床(chuang)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)臺(tai)(tai)上,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀檢(jian)(jian)查,使(shi)廠家(jia)轉臺(tai)(tai)處于水(shui)(shui)平(ping)狀況。將被檢(jian)(jian)的(de)反(fan)轉作業(ye)(ye)(ye)臺(tai)(tai)疊放在精(jing)細轉臺(tai)(tai)上,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)千分表(biao)找正兩(liang)轉臺(tai)(tai)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)面的(de)彼此(ci)平(ping)行(xing)度(du)(不平(ping)行(xing)時用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)墊(dian)塊墊(dian)平(ping)),并使(shi)兩(liang)轉臺(tai)(tai)定位孔反(fan)轉基地(di)線(xian)重(zhong)合,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)螺釘固定兩(liang)個(ge)轉臺(tai)(tai)連成(cheng)一體。
天(tian)津市龍門刨床數(shu)控機床作(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)(tai)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)筆直平(ping)(ping)(ping)面內直線度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)檢查,在(zai)作(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)(tai)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)地方位(wei)上,和作(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)(tai)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)方向平(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing)(xing)放(fang)置一(yi)個水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)儀(yi)。作(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)(tai)自(zi)一(yi)個極(ji)點(dian)(dian)方位(wei),移(yi)至另一(yi)極(ji)點(dian)(dian),移(yi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)(tai)每隔(ge)500mm(或小(xiao)于500mm),記(ji)載(zai)一(yi)次(ci)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)儀(yi)讀數(shu)。在(zai)作(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)(tai)悉數(shu)行(xing)(xing)程上,記(ji)載(zai)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)儀(yi)每檔方位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)讀數(shu)。將水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)儀(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)讀數(shu)順次(ci)擺放(fang),畫出(chu)作(zuo)業臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)曲線。在(zai)1000mm行(xing)(xing)程長度(du)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)曲線至兩(liang)頭點(dian)(dian)連線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)較(jiao)大坐標,即(ji)是1000mm長度(du)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直線度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)。 作(zuo)彼此平(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直線包容(rong)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)曲線,間隔(ge)最小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)條平(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing)(xing)線間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坐標值,即(ji)是導軌悉數(shu)行(xing)(xing)程長度(du)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直線度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)。
坐標(biao)鏜床的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)精度(du)需(xu)求(qiu)是(shi)(shi)比較高的(de)(de),所以(yi)沈(shen)陽車床進口要檢查作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)或(huo)主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)箱在(zai)移動坐標(biao)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)后的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)差(cha)錯。國產(chan)各(ge)式坐標(biao)鏜床的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)體系(xi)有光(guang)學體系(xi)(即絲杠和校對尺(chi))。選(xuan)用的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)體系(xi)雖不一樣,但定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)差(cha)錯的(de)(de)丈(zhang)量辦(ban)法是(shi)(shi)一樣的(de)(de)。在(zai)機床臺(tai)(tai)(tai)上,沿縱(zong)向移動方(fang)向放置(zhi)一個精細的(de)(de)刻(ke)(ke)線尺(chi)(刻(ke)(ke)線尺(chi)的(de)(de)刻(ke)(ke)線精度(du)應帶(dai)差(cha)錯檢定(ding)(ding)表(biao),檢定(ding)(ding)精度(du)在(zai)0.0005mm以(yi)內),刻(ke)(ke)線尺(chi)放在(zai)作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)基地,高度(du)應在(zai)作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)面至(zhi)筆直主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)端面較大間(jian)隔的(de)(de)l/3~l/2處。將讀(du)(du)數顯(xian)微鏡(其讀(du)(du)數精度(du)為0.001~0.002mm)固定(ding)(ding)在(zai)主(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)套筒上,使(shi)顯(xian)微鏡能明晰地觀察到刻(ke)(ke)線尺(chi)上的(de)(de)刻(ke)(ke)線,對作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)在(zai)規(gui)則(ze)長(chang)度(du)上的(de)(de)移動進行檢查(通常規(gui)則(ze)每移動l0mm讀(du)(du)數一次(ci))。在(zai)讀(du)(du)數時,作(zuo)業(ye)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)應夾緊。定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)差(cha)錯是(shi)(shi)恣意兩次(ci)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)時讀(du)(du)數的(de)(de)實(shi)踐差(cha)值的(de)(de)大代(dai)數差(cha)。