數控車床(chuang)(chuang)外圓磨床(chuang)(chuang)、螺紋磨床(chuang)(chuang)、拉刀磨床(chuang)(chuang)、龍門刨(bao)床(chuang)(chuang)和(he)龍門銑床(chuang)(chuang)等作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)(tai)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)時傾(qing)斜度(du)差錯的(de)檢查(cha)，在(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)(tai)基地，筆直于作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)(tai)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)方向放置一(yi)個水(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀(yi)（假如磨床(chuang)(chuang)是斜臺(tai)(tai)面，水(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀(yi)應放在(zai)專用墊(dian)板上(shang))。廠(chang)家移(yi)(yi)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)(tai)，每(mei)隔250mm（或500mm、或小于此(ci)值）記載(zai)一(yi)次讀數，短床(chuang)(chuang)身在(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)(tai)悉數行程(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)至(zhi)少記載(zai)三個讀數。水(shui)(shui)平(ping)儀(yi)在(zai)1000mm行程(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)和(he)悉數行程(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)讀數的(de)大代數差，即(ji)是作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)(tai)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)時的(de)傾(qing)斜度(du)差錯。

10年數控車(che)(che)床(chuang)老(lao)師傅分享的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)技巧與(yu)心得：時間如逝，一轉眼操作(zuo)沈(shen)陽(yang)數控機床(chuang)已(yi)有十(shi)年，十(shi)年的(de)(de)(de)摸(mo)爬滾打讓我積(ji)累了(le)數控車(che)(che)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)一些加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技巧與(yu)心得，與(yu)各位同仁交流。因(yin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)更換(huan)頻(pin)繁及(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠(chang)(chang)條件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)受限，十(shi)年來我們都(dou)是自(zi)己編(bian)程(cheng)，自(zi)己對(dui)刀(dao)，自(zi)己調(diao)試(shi)(shi)及(ji)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，總結起來操作(zuo)技巧分為以下(xia)幾點(dian)：零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)編(bian)完(wan)(wan)程(cheng)序(xu)，對(dui)好(hao)刀(dao)后需(xu)要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)試(shi)(shi)切調(diao)試(shi)(shi)，為了(le)防止程(cheng)序(xu)上出(chu)現錯誤(wu)和對(dui)刀(dao)的(de)(de)(de)失誤(wu)，造成(cheng)(cheng)撞(zhuang)機事故，我們應該先進(jin)行(xing)空行(xing)程(cheng)模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，廠(chang)(chang)家(jia)在(zai)機床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)座標(biao)系(xi)里面對(dui)刀(dao)具(ju)向右整體平移零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)總長的(de)(de)(de)2——3倍；然后開(kai)始(shi)模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，模(mo)擬(ni)(ni)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)以后確認程(cheng)序(xu)及(ji)對(dui)刀(dao)無誤(wu)，再開(kai)始(shi)對(dui)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，首(shou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)后，先自(zi)檢，確認合(he)格，再找專(zhuan)職檢驗(yan)檢查(cha)，專(zhuan)職檢驗(yan)確認合(he)格后這才表(biao)示調(diao)試(shi)(shi)結束(shu)。成(cheng)(cheng)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)首(shou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)切完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)后，就要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)批生產，但首(shou)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)格并不 等(deng)于整批零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)就會(hui)合(he)格，因(yin)為在(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中，因(yin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材料的(de)(de)(de)不同會(hui)使刀(dao)具(ju)產生

坐(zuo)(zuo)標車床鏜(tang)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)精(jing)度(du)需(xu)求是比(bi)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，所(suo)以(yi)要檢查作業臺(tai)(tai)或主(zhu)軸箱在(zai)移動(dong)坐(zuo)(zuo)標定(ding)(ding)位(wei)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)差(cha)(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)。 國產各(ge)式(shi)坐(zuo)(zuo)標鏜(tang)床的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)體(ti)系有光學體(ti)系和機械體(ti)系（即絲杠和校對尺(chi)）。選用的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)體(ti)系雖不一(yi)(yi)樣，但定(ding)(ding)位(wei)差(cha)(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)丈量辦法是一(yi)(yi)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)機床臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)，沿(yan)縱(zong)向移動(dong)方(fang)向放置一(yi)(yi)個精(jing)細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)(xian)尺(chi)（刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)(xian)尺(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)(xian)精(jing)度(du)應帶差(cha)(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)檢定(ding)(ding)表，檢定(ding)(ding)精(jing)度(du)在(zai)0.0005mm以(yi)內），刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)(xian)尺(chi)放在(zai)作業臺(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基地，高(gao)度(du)應在(zai)作業臺(tai)(tai)面至筆直主(zhu)軸端面較大間隔的(de)(de)(de)(de)l/3~l/2處。將讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)顯微鏡（其(qi)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)精(jing)度(du)為0.001~0.002mm）固定(ding)(ding)在(zai)主(zhu)軸套(tao)筒上(shang)(shang)，使(shi)顯微鏡能明(ming)晰地觀(guan)察到刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)(xian)尺(chi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，對作業臺(tai)(tai)在(zai)規(gui)則長度(du)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)移動(dong)進行(xing)檢查（通常規(gui)則每(mei)移動(dong)l0mm讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)）。在(zai)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)時，廠(chang)家作業臺(tai)(tai)應夾緊。定(ding)(ding)位(wei)差(cha)(cha)(cha)錯(cuo)(cuo)是恣(zi)意兩次(ci)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)時讀(du)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐(jian)差(cha)(cha)(cha)值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大代(dai)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)差(cha)(cha)(cha)。

在縱切車床數(shu)控(kong)加工中(zhong)心(xin)設(she)備使用(yong)時，由于銷售企(qi)業生(sheng)產(chan)時空氣一般會有(you)一定的(de)油(you)霧、灰塵以(yi)及金屬(shu)粉末(mo)等，設(she)備免不(bu)了被灰塵污物(wu)所污染，若(ruo)是這(zhe)些污染物(wu)進入(ru)到(dao)設(she)備的(de)內部，有(you)可(ke)能會落到(dao)加工中(zhong)心(xin)設(she)備的(de)核心(xin)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)板或電(dian)(dian)子器件(jian)上，一旦落在這(zhe)上面就會使得(de)電(dian)(dian)子器件(jian)的(de)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻下降(jiang)，甚至會損(sun)壞電(dian)(dian)子設(she)備及電(dian)(dian)路(lu)板，為了防止這(zhe)種情(qing)況的(de)發生(sheng)，數(shu)控(kong)中(zhong)心(xin)設(she)備一定要(yao)經(jing)常打(da)掃(sao)。

對(dui)于自動化車床(chuang)電力(li)系統(tong)的(de)(de)維護(hu)，廠家首先要(yao)(yao)(yao)做的(de)(de)就是(shi)使得數控加工(gong)中(zhong)心的(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)規程正確(que)的(de)(de)執行(xing)下去，對(dui)于操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員要(yao)(yao)(yao)經過專業的(de)(de)訓練，保證(zheng)這些(xie)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員在(zai)日常的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)嚴格按照操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)規程來進行(xing)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)，同時(shi)提高操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)水平也(ye)能較大程度上(shang)減(jian)少(shao)故(gu)障的(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)。在(zai)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)訓練中(zhong)，還要(yao)(yao)(yao)講(jiang)到發生(sheng)(sheng)故(gu)障時(shi)的(de)(de)情況，告知操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員遇到這種情況不要(yao)(yao)(yao)慌張，可以(yi)馬上(shang)去找設備(bei)維修人(ren)(ren)員來排除(chu)故(gu)障。

沈陽機(ji)床(chuang)起動(dong)前準備 1、工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)必(bi)須夾(jia)牢(lao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)夾(jia)具(ju)或(huo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)上(shang)，夾(jia)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的壓(ya)板不(bu)(bu)得(de)長(chang)出(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)大行程(cheng)內不(bu)(bu)準站(zhan)人(ren)。刀(dao)具(ju)不(bu)(bu)得(de)伸出(chu)過長(chang)，應(ying)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)夾(jia)牢(lao)靠。2、校正工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時，嚴(yan)禁用(yong)金屬(shu)物猛敲或(huo)用(yong)刀(dao)架(jia)推(tui)頂工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。3、工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)寬度超(chao)出(chu)單臂刨(bao)床(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)寬度時，其重(zhong)心對工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)重(zhong)心的偏移(yi)量不(bu)(bu)應(ying)大于工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)寬度的四分之一。 4、調整沖程(cheng)應(ying)使刀(dao)具(ju)不(bu)(bu)接(jie)觸工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，用(yong)手柄搖(yao)(yao)動(dong)進行全行程(cheng)試驗，滑枕調整后應(ying)鎖緊(jin)并隨(sui)時取下(xia)搖(yao)(yao)手柄，以免(mian)落(luo)下(xia)傷(shang)人(ren)。5、龍(long)門(men)(men)刨(bao)床(chuang)的床(chuang)面(mian)或(huo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伸出(chu)過長(chang)時，應(ying)設防護欄桿，在(zai)(zai)(zai)欄桿內禁止(zhi)通過行人(ren)或(huo)堆碼物品(pin)。6、龍(long)門(men)(men)刨(bao)床(chuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)刨(bao)削大工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前，應(ying)先檢查工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與龍(long)門(men)(men)柱、刀(dao)架(jia)間的預留空隙，并檢查工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)高度限位(wei)器安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)是否正確牢(lao)固。7、龍(long)門(men)(men)刨(bao)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)面(mian)和床(chuang)面(mian)及刀(dao)架(jia)上(shang)禁止(zhi)站(zhan)人(ren)、存放工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)和其它(ta)物品(pin)。操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)不(bu)(bu)得(de)跨越臺(tai)面(mian)。8、作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)于牛頭刨(bao)床(chuang)手柄上(shang)的力，在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)水平移(yi)動(dong)時，不(bu)(bu)應(ying)超(chao)過8kg，上(shang)下(xia)移(yi)動(dong)時，不(bu)(bu)應(ying)超(chao)過10kg。9、工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)卸、翻身時應(ying)注意銳邊、毛刺割手。