廠家數控(kong)車床(chuang)(chuang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)方法手動(dong)(dong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)即為“試切—測(ce)量(liang)—調整”的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)模式，主(zhu)要(yao)應(ying)用于單(dan)件(jian)小(xiao)批量(liang)零件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)生產中，且(qie)操(cao)作方法簡(jian)單(dan)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)機床(chuang)(chuang)精(jing)(jing)度要(yao)求較低；對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)儀對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)適用于批量(liang)生產過程(cheng)中，對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)效率(lv)高(gao)，精(jing)(jing)度高(gao)，主(zhu)要(yao)應(ying)用于標準及高(gao)檔(dang)數控(kong)機床(chuang)(chuang)中；ATC對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)由(you)于操(cao)縱對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)鏡以及對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)過程(cheng)還是手動(dong)(dong)操(cao)作，故(gu)仍有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)誤差；自(zi)動(dong)(dong)對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)由(you)于是在CNC系統中具備了刀(dao)(dao)具自(zi)動(dong)(dong)檢測(ce)的(de)(de)(de)輔助功能，因(yin)此對(dui)(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)精(jing)(jing)度高(gao)，一般用于高(gao)檔(dang)數控(kong)機床(chuang)(chuang)中。

編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)點、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)原(yuan)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)概念，編(bian)程(cheng)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)系(xi)是為了(le)編(bian)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)在(zai)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)圖(tu)紙上(shang)(shang)所建立(li)(li)起來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)系(xi)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)原(yuan)點稱為編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)點，它(ta)是用(yong)來計(ji)(ji)算編(bian)程(cheng)尺寸基點坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基準(zhun)點。編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇要(yao)(yao)(yao)根據(ju)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)圖(tu)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸，位置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)基準(zhun)來選(xuan)(xuan)擇，一(yi)般盡可(ke)(ke)能要(yao)(yao)(yao)讓編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)點與(yu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)基準(zhun)重合。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)原(yuan)點是在(zai)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中，為了(le)讓機(ji)床(chuang)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)間建立(li)(li)起正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相對(dui)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位置(zhi)，從(cong)(cong)而(er)保證加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)軌跡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正確性(xing)，而(er)在(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)范圍內所建立(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)系(xi)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)原(yuan)點稱為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)原(yuan)點。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)原(yuan)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)擇是在(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)范圍內進行選(xuan)(xuan)取，可(ke)(ke)以在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)(shang)，夾具上(shang)(shang)或靠(kao)近工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)夾具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某一(yi)位置(zhi)。數控車床(chuang)廠家(jia)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)被定位和(he)裝夾在(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)上(shang)(shang)之(zhi)后，相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)點在(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)系(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)應與(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)原(yuan)點重合。因(yin)此需要(yao)(yao)(yao)通過對(dui)刀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手段建立(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)系(xi)即(ji)為加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)系(xi)，之(zhi)后通過調用(yong)并執(zhi)行程(cheng)序(xu)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)系(xi)建立(li)(li)指(zhi)令(ling)，比如零點偏置(zhi)指(zhi)令(ling)，建立(li)(li)局部坐(zuo)標(biao)(biao)(biao)系(xi)指(zhi)令(ling)等，從(cong)(cong)而(er)保證零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正確加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。

通(tong)常數(shu)控機床(chuang)反轉(zhuan)作業(ye)臺是銑床(chuang)的(de)附件，分度精度較(jiao)低(di)，故可選用八(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具(ju)進行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查。八(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具(ju)的(de)外(wai)接圓直徑為250mm。在(zai)(zai)作業(ye)臺錐孔中嚴密刺進八(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具(ju)的(de)定位心軸，以確(que)保(bao)作業(ye)臺反轉(zhuan)基(ji)地(di)與八(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具(ju)外(wai)接圓基(ji)地(di)重(zhong)合。將(jiang)被檢(jian)(jian)(jian)作業(ye)臺固定于查驗(yan)平(ping)(ping)板上(shang)(shang)，將(jiang)千(qian)分表(biao)底座(zuo)上(shang)(shang)的(de)凸緣靠(kao)緊在(zai)(zai)查驗(yan)平(ping)(ping)板上(shang)(shang)導向(xiang)槽(cao)的(de)旁(pang)邊(bian)(bian)面沒有導向(xiang)槽(cao)的(de)可用平(ping)(ping)尺替(ti)代)，使千(qian)分表(biao)測(ce)頭頂在(zai)(zai)八(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)具(ju)的(de)一邊(bian)(bian)上(shang)(shang)，沿導向(xiang)槽(cao)移動千(qian)分表(biao)座(zuo)，使千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)(zai)兩處的(de)讀數(shu)一樣(yang)（靠(kao)滾動蝸桿手柄來調整）。然后廠家將(jiang)作業(ye)臺轉(zhuan)過(guo)45°（即(ji)360°/8），千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)(zai)另一邊(bian)(bian)的(de)悉數(shu)長度上(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查，順次檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查各邊(bian)(bian)。千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)(zai)恣意一邊(bian)(bian)兩頭讀數(shu)的(de)較(jiao)大差值即(ji)是分度差錯。

沈陽機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)起動(dong)前(qian)準(zhun)備 1、工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)必須夾牢在(zai)(zai)(zai)夾具(ju)或工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)上，夾裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)壓板不(bu)得(de)長(chang)出(chu)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)大(da)行(xing)程內不(bu)準(zhun)站(zhan)人(ren)。刀(dao)具(ju)不(bu)得(de)伸出(chu)過(guo)(guo)長(chang)，應(ying)裝(zhuang)夾牢靠。2、校正工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)，嚴禁(jin)用(yong)金屬(shu)物(wu)猛敲或用(yong)刀(dao)架(jia)推頂工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。3、工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)超出(chu)單臂刨床(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)時(shi)(shi)，其重心對工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)重心的(de)(de)(de)偏移(yi)量不(bu)應(ying)大(da)于工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)四分之(zhi)一。 4、調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)沖(chong)程應(ying)使刀(dao)具(ju)不(bu)接觸工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，用(yong)手(shou)柄搖動(dong)進(jin)行(xing)全(quan)行(xing)程試驗，滑枕調(diao)整(zheng)(zheng)后應(ying)鎖緊并隨時(shi)(shi)取下(xia)搖手(shou)柄，以(yi)免落下(xia)傷人(ren)。5、龍門(men)(men)刨床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)床(chuang)面(mian)(mian)或工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伸出(chu)過(guo)(guo)長(chang)時(shi)(shi)，應(ying)設防(fang)護欄(lan)桿，在(zai)(zai)(zai)欄(lan)桿內禁(jin)止通(tong)過(guo)(guo)行(xing)人(ren)或堆(dui)碼物(wu)品。6、龍門(men)(men)刨床(chuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)刨削大(da)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前(qian)，應(ying)先檢查(cha)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與龍門(men)(men)柱、刀(dao)架(jia)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)預留空隙，并檢查(cha)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)高度(du)(du)限(xian)位器安(an)裝(zhuang)是否正確牢固。7、龍門(men)(men)刨的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)面(mian)(mian)和床(chuang)面(mian)(mian)及刀(dao)架(jia)上禁(jin)止站(zhan)人(ren)、存放工(gong)(gong)具(ju)和其它物(wu)品。操(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)員不(bu)得(de)跨越(yue)臺(tai)面(mian)(mian)。8、作(zuo)用(yong)于牛頭刨床(chuang)手(shou)柄上的(de)(de)(de)力，在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)水平移(yi)動(dong)時(shi)(shi)，不(bu)應(ying)超過(guo)(guo)8kg，上下(xia)移(yi)動(dong)時(shi)(shi)，不(bu)應(ying)超過(guo)(guo)10kg。9、工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)裝(zhuang)卸、翻身時(shi)(shi)應(ying)注意銳邊、毛刺割手(shou)。