廠家橫(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)時傾斜(xie)度差錯(cuo)的(de)(de)檢查辦法，在橫(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)導軌的(de)(de)基(ji)地方(fang)位，平行(xing)于(yu)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)放(fang)置一個水平儀。移(yi)動(dong)(dong)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)，每隔500mm（或小于(yu)500mm）記載一次讀數(shu)，在橫(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)悉數(shu)行(xing)程上(shang)至少記載3個讀數(shu)。在橫(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)悉數(shu)行(xing)程上(shang)檢查時，兩筆直(zhi)刀架(jia)（或銑(xian)頭）應移(yi)到(dao)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)上(shang)相對(dui)稱的(de)(de)方(fang)位。而橫(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)方(fang)向(xiang)，只能由下往上(shang)，這種辦法多用(yong)于(yu)龍門刨床、龍門銑(xian)床、立(li)式車床自動(dong)(dong)化(hua)車床等橫(heng)(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)時的(de)(de)傾斜(xie)度差錯(cuo)的(de)(de)檢查。

編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)、工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)概念(nian)，編(bian)程(cheng)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)是為(wei)了編(bian)程(cheng)的(de)(de)需要在(zai)(zai)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)圖紙上(shang)所建(jian)立(li)(li)起(qi)來(lai)的(de)(de)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)，它的(de)(de)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)稱為(wei)編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)，它是用來(lai)計(ji)算編(bian)程(cheng)尺寸基(ji)點(dian)(dian)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)的(de)(de)基(ji)準點(dian)(dian)。編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)選擇(ze)要根據零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)圖上(shang)的(de)(de)尺寸，位(wei)(wei)置的(de)(de)設計(ji)基(ji)準來(lai)選擇(ze)，一般盡可(ke)能要讓編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)與設計(ji)基(ji)準重合。工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)是在(zai)(zai)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，為(wei)了讓機(ji)床(chuang)和工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)之間(jian)建(jian)立(li)(li)起(qi)正確(que)的(de)(de)相對(dui)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)位(wei)(wei)置，從(cong)而保(bao)證(zheng)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)軌跡(ji)的(de)(de)正確(que)性，而在(zai)(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)范圍內所建(jian)立(li)(li)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)，它的(de)(de)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)稱為(wei)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)。工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)選擇(ze)是在(zai)(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)范圍內進行選取，可(ke)以在(zai)(zai)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)，夾(jia)具(ju)上(shang)或靠近工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)和夾(jia)具(ju)的(de)(de)某一位(wei)(wei)置。數(shu)控車床(chuang)廠家零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)被定位(wei)(wei)和裝夾(jia)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)上(shang)之后，相應的(de)(de)編(bian)程(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置應與工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)點(dian)(dian)重合。因此需要通過(guo)對(dui)刀的(de)(de)手段建(jian)立(li)(li)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)即為(wei)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)，之后通過(guo)調用并執行程(cheng)序中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)建(jian)立(li)(li)指(zhi)(zhi)令，比如零(ling)(ling)(ling)點(dian)(dian)偏(pian)置指(zhi)(zhi)令，建(jian)立(li)(li)局部坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)系(xi)(xi)指(zhi)(zhi)令等，從(cong)而保(bao)證(zheng)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)正確(que)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)。

有條件時亦可使用(yong)光學平直儀檢查，將縱(zong)切車床光學平直儀置于(yu)機床一端，反射鏡置于(yu)溜板(ban)或作(zuo)業臺(tai)面(mian)上，在行程(cheng)的(de)兩(liang)個極限方位，調整平直儀及反射鏡，使平行光管的(de)亮十(shi)字像同可動(dong)分(fen)劃板(ban)的(de)準線重合。作(zuo)業臺(tai)每移動(dong)500mm，廠(chang)家讀數(shu)一次并(bing)作(zuo)好記載，將讀數(shu)順次擺放畫(hua)出(chu)作(zuo)業臺(tai)的(de)運動(dong)曲(qu)線，再核算(suan)1000mm長度上和行程(cheng)全(quan)長上的(de)差錯值。

坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)鏜床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)精(jing)度(du)(du)需求是(shi)比較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，所以(yi)沈陽車床(chuang)(chuang)進(jin)口(kou)要檢(jian)查作(zuo)業臺(tai)或主(zhu)軸箱(xiang)在(zai)移動(dong)坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)差錯(cuo)。國(guo)產(chan)各式坐(zuo)(zuo)標(biao)鏜床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)體系(xi)有光(guang)學體系(xi)（即絲(si)杠和(he)校對(dui)尺(chi)(chi)）。選(xuan)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)體系(xi)雖不一(yi)(yi)樣，但定(ding)(ding)位(wei)差錯(cuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)丈量辦法是(shi)一(yi)(yi)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)機床(chuang)(chuang)臺(tai)上(shang)，沿(yan)縱(zong)向(xiang)移動(dong)方向(xiang)放置一(yi)(yi)個精(jing)細的(de)(de)(de)(de)刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)尺(chi)(chi)（刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)尺(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)精(jing)度(du)(du)應(ying)帶(dai)差錯(cuo)檢(jian)定(ding)(ding)表(biao)，檢(jian)定(ding)(ding)精(jing)度(du)(du)在(zai)0.0005mm以(yi)內(nei)），刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)尺(chi)(chi)放在(zai)作(zuo)業臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基地(di)，高(gao)度(du)(du)應(ying)在(zai)作(zuo)業臺(tai)面(mian)至筆直主(zhu)軸端面(mian)較(jiao)大間隔的(de)(de)(de)(de)l/3~l/2處。將讀(du)數(shu)顯(xian)微鏡(jing)（其讀(du)數(shu)精(jing)度(du)(du)為0.001~0.002mm）固定(ding)(ding)在(zai)主(zhu)軸套筒(tong)上(shang)，使顯(xian)微鏡(jing)能明(ming)晰地(di)觀察到刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)尺(chi)(chi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)刻(ke)線(xian)(xian)，對(dui)作(zuo)業臺(tai)在(zai)規則長(chang)度(du)(du)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)移動(dong)進(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)查（通常規則每移動(dong)l0mm讀(du)數(shu)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)）。在(zai)讀(du)數(shu)時，作(zuo)業臺(tai)應(ying)夾緊。定(ding)(ding)位(wei)差錯(cuo)是(shi)恣意兩次(ci)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)時讀(du)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實踐差值的(de)(de)(de)(de)大代(dai)數(shu)差。

進口車床數控(kong)(kong)加(jia)工中心(xin)應注意的日常保養(yang)維護措(cuo)施，先要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)的就(jiu)是進口數控(kong)(kong)加(jia)工中心(xin)所處(chu)的地理環(huan)境(jing)的保護，為了延長加(jia)工中心(xin)部(bu)分(fen)零(ling)件的使用壽命，減弱零(ling)件的磨損率，一般(ban)的數控(kong)(kong)加(jia)工中心(xin)要(yao)(yao)求避(bi)免(mian)陽光照射，或者避(bi)免(mian)其他的熱輻射等，所以(yi)在(zai)建廠時(shi)就(jiu)要(yao)(yao)注意到這一方面，同時(shi)還要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)到地理環(huan)境(jing)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為干燥，粉塵及腐蝕性(xing)氣體等較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)少，而且由于數控(kong)(kong)加(jia)工中心(xin)加(jia)工的零(ling)件要(yao)(yao)求的精(jing)度比較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高，所以(yi)地理位置應處(chu)在(zai)震動小的設備附近。

通常數控機床反轉作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)是銑床的(de)(de)附件，分度精(jing)度較低(di)，故可選用(yong)(yong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)具進(jin)行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)。八(ba)(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)具的(de)(de)外接(jie)圓(yuan)(yuan)直徑為(wei)250mm。在(zai)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)錐孔中嚴密刺進(jin)八(ba)(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)具的(de)(de)定位心軸，以確保作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)反轉基地與八(ba)(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)具外接(jie)圓(yuan)(yuan)基地重(zhong)合。將被檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)固(gu)定于(yu)查(cha)驗(yan)平板上(shang)，將千(qian)分表底座上(shang)的(de)(de)凸緣靠緊在(zai)查(cha)驗(yan)平板上(shang)導(dao)向槽的(de)(de)旁邊面沒有導(dao)向槽的(de)(de)可用(yong)(yong)平尺替代)，使千(qian)分表測(ce)頭頂(ding)在(zai)八(ba)(ba)(ba)方檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)具的(de)(de)一邊上(shang)，沿導(dao)向槽移動(dong)千(qian)分表座，使千(qian)分表在(zai)兩處的(de)(de)讀數一樣（靠滾(gun)動(dong)蝸桿手柄來調整）。然后(hou)廠家將作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)轉過45°（即360°/8），千(qian)分表在(zai)另一邊的(de)(de)悉數長度上(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)，順次檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)各邊。千(qian)分表在(zai)恣意一邊兩頭讀數的(de)(de)較大差值即是分度差錯。