根據中(zhong)國機(ji)床工具工業(ye)協會(hui)重(zhong)點聯系企(qi)業(ye)的(de)統計數(shu)據，,自動(dong)化(hua)機(ji)床銷(xiao)售(shou)2014年1~6月全部企(qi)業(ye)的(de)產品總體銷(xiao)售(shou)收入同(tong)比下(xia)降2.6%。其中(zhong)，金屬切削機(ji)床產品銷(xiao)售(shou)收 入同(tong)比下(xia)降7.7%；金屬成(cheng)形(xing)機(ji)床產品銷(xiao)售(shou)收入同(tong)比增長(chang)4.3%。持定力，主動(dong)作為(wei)。這是機(ji)械行(xing)業(ye)絕大多數(shu)企(qi)業(ye)對當下(xia)市場形(xing)勢的(de)判斷以及抉擇(ze)。

10年數(shu)控車床(chuang)(chuang)老(lao)師傅分享的(de)(de)(de)操(cao)作(zuo)技(ji)巧與(yu)(yu)心(xin)得：時間如(ru)逝，一轉眼操(cao)作(zuo)沈陽數(shu)控機床(chuang)(chuang)已有十(shi)(shi)年，十(shi)(shi)年的(de)(de)(de)摸爬滾打讓我積(ji)累了數(shu)控車床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)一些加(jia)(jia)工(gong)技(ji)巧與(yu)(yu)心(xin)得，與(yu)(yu)各(ge)位(wei)同仁交流(liu)。因(yin)(yin)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)更換頻繁及工(gong)廠條件(jian)(jian)受(shou)限，十(shi)(shi)年來(lai)我們(men)都(dou)是自己(ji)編程(cheng)(cheng)，自己(ji)對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)，自己(ji)調試(shi)(shi)及完(wan)成零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，總(zong)結(jie)起(qi)來(lai)操(cao)作(zuo)技(ji)巧分為以下幾點(dian)：零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)在編完(wan)程(cheng)(cheng)序，對(dui)好刀(dao)(dao)(dao)后(hou)需(xu)要(yao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)試(shi)(shi)切調試(shi)(shi)，為了防(fang)止(zhi)程(cheng)(cheng)序上出(chu)現(xian)錯誤和對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)失誤，造成撞機事(shi)故(gu)，我們(men)應該先進(jin)(jin)行(xing)空行(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)模擬加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，廠家在機床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)座標(biao)系里面對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具向右整體平(ping)移零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)總(zong)長的(de)(de)(de)2——3倍；然后(hou)開始模擬加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，模擬加(jia)(jia)工(gong)完(wan)成以后(hou)確認(ren)程(cheng)(cheng)序及對(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)無誤，再(zai)開始對(dui)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，首(shou)件(jian)(jian)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)完(wan)成后(hou)，先自檢(jian)，確認(ren)合(he)(he)(he)格，再(zai)找專職檢(jian)驗檢(jian)查(cha)，專職檢(jian)驗確認(ren)合(he)(he)(he)格后(hou)這才(cai)表示調試(shi)(shi)結(jie)束。成零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)在首(shou)件(jian)(jian)試(shi)(shi)切完(wan)成后(hou)，就(jiu)要(yao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)成批(pi)生產，但首(shou)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)格并不 等(deng)于(yu)整批(pi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)就(jiu)會合(he)(he)(he)格，因(yin)(yin)為在加(jia)(jia)工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中，因(yin)(yin)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)不同會使刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具產生

進(jin)口車床溜(liu)板移(yi)動時傾(qing)斜度(du)差錯檢查，將水平(ping)儀置于溜(liu)板燕尾導(dao)軌(gui)上接近刀(dao)架的當地，筆(bi)直于床身導(dao)軌(gui)（即溜(liu)板行(xing)程(cheng)方向）。移(yi)動溜(liu)板，每(mei)隔250mm（或500mm、或小于此值(zhi)）廠家記載一次(ci)讀(du)數(shu)，在(zai)溜(liu)板的悉數(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)上檢查。水平(ping)儀在(zai)1000mm行(xing)程(cheng)和悉數(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)上讀(du)數(shu)的較大代(dai)數(shu)差值(zhi)，即是傾(qing)斜度(du)差錯。傾(qing)斜度(du)差錯以斜率或角值(zhi)表明。

淺談(tan)進口車床(chuang)刨(bao)(bao)床(chuang)的(de)安全(quan)使用(yong)知識工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)必須夾(jia)牢在夾(jia)具(ju)(ju)或工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)上，夾(jia)裝工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)壓板不得長出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)，在機床(chuang)大行(xing)程內不準站(zhan)人(ren)(ren)。刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)不得伸(shen)出過(guo)長，應(ying)裝夾(jia)牢靠(kao)。2、校正(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)，嚴(yan)禁(jin)(jin)用(yong)金(jin)屬(shu)物(wu)猛(meng)敲或用(yong)刀(dao)架(jia)(jia)推(tui)頂工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。3、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)寬度超出單臂刨(bao)(bao)床(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)寬度時(shi)，其(qi)重心(xin)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)重心(xin)的(de)偏移(yi)(yi)(yi)量不應(ying)大于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)寬度的(de)四(si)分之一。 4、調整沖程應(ying)使刀(dao)具(ju)(ju)不接觸工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，用(yong)手(shou)柄搖動(dong)進行(xing)全(quan)行(xing)程試驗(yan)，滑枕調整后(hou)應(ying)鎖(suo)緊并(bing)(bing)隨時(shi)取下(xia)搖手(shou)柄，以免落下(xia)傷(shang)人(ren)(ren)。5、龍門(men)刨(bao)(bao)床(chuang)的(de)床(chuang)面(mian)或工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伸(shen)出過(guo)長時(shi)，應(ying)設(she)防護(hu)欄桿，在欄桿內禁(jin)(jin)止通過(guo)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)或堆碼物(wu)品。6、龍門(men)刨(bao)(bao)床(chuang)在刨(bao)(bao)削大工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前，應(ying)先(xian)檢查(cha)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與龍門(men)柱、刀(dao)架(jia)(jia)間的(de)預(yu)留空隙，并(bing)(bing)檢查(cha)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)高度限位器安裝是否正(zheng)確牢固。7、龍門(men)刨(bao)(bao)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)和床(chuang)面(mian)及刀(dao)架(jia)(jia)上禁(jin)(jin)止站(zhan)人(ren)(ren)、存放工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)和其(qi)它物(wu)品。操作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)不得跨越(yue)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)面(mian)。8、作(zuo)用(yong)于牛(niu)頭(tou)刨(bao)(bao)床(chuang)手(shou)柄上的(de)力，在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)水平移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)時(shi)，不應(ying)超過(guo)8kg，上下(xia)移(yi)(yi)(yi)動(dong)時(shi)，不應(ying)超過(guo)10kg。9、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)裝卸、翻(fan)身時(shi)應(ying)注意銳(rui)邊、毛刺割手(shou)。

廠(chang)家橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)時傾斜度差(cha)錯的(de)(de)檢(jian)查辦(ban)法，在(zai)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)導軌的(de)(de)基地(di)方(fang)位(wei)(wei)，平(ping)行于(yu)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)放置一個水平(ping)儀。移(yi)(yi)動(dong)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)，每隔500mm（或(huo)小(xiao)于(yu)500mm）記載一次讀數(shu)，在(zai)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)悉(xi)數(shu)行程上(shang)至(zhi)少記載3個讀數(shu)。在(zai)橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)悉(xi)數(shu)行程上(shang)檢(jian)查時，兩筆直(zhi)刀架（或(huo)銑頭(tou)）應移(yi)(yi)到橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)上(shang)相(xiang)對稱的(de)(de)方(fang)位(wei)(wei)。而橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)方(fang)向，只能由(you)下(xia)往上(shang)，這種辦(ban)法多用于(yu)龍門(men)刨床、龍門(men)銑床、立式車(che)(che)床自動(dong)化車(che)(che)床等橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)時的(de)(de)傾斜度差(cha)錯的(de)(de)檢(jian)查。

廠(chang)家數控(kong)車床(chuang)對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)的方法手動(dong)對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)即為(wei)“試切—測(ce)量(liang)—調整(zheng)”的對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)模式，主(zhu)要應用于單件小批量(liang)零件的生產中(zhong)(zhong)，且操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)方法簡單，對(dui)(dui)機(ji)床(chuang)精(jing)度(du)要求較低；對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)儀對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)適(shi)用于批量(liang)生產過程中(zhong)(zhong)，對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)效率高(gao)，精(jing)度(du)高(gao)，主(zhu)要應用于標(biao)準(zhun)及(ji)高(gao)檔(dang)數控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)中(zhong)(zhong)；ATC對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)由于操(cao)縱對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)鏡以及(ji)對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)過程還(huan)是手動(dong)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，故仍(reng)有一定的對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)誤(wu)差；自動(dong)對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)由于是在CNC系統中(zhong)(zhong)具備了刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具自動(dong)檢測(ce)的輔助(zhu)功能(neng)，因此對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)精(jing)度(du)高(gao)，一般用于高(gao)檔(dang)數控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)中(zhong)(zhong)。