10年(nian)數(shu)控車床(chuang)老師傅(fu)分享的(de)操作技巧與心(xin)得：時間(jian)如逝(shi)，一轉眼操作沈陽數(shu)控機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)已(yi)有十年(nian)，十年(nian)的(de)摸爬滾打讓我(wo)積(ji)累(lei)了數(shu)控車床(chuang)的(de)一些(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)技巧與心(xin)得，與各位同仁交流(liu)。因(yin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件的(de)更換(huan)頻繁(fan)及工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)條件受限，十年(nian)來(lai)我(wo)們(men)都是自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)編(bian)程(cheng)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)己(ji)調試及完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，總(zong)結起來(lai)操作技巧分為以下幾(ji)點：零(ling)(ling)(ling)件在編(bian)完(wan)(wan)程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)，對(dui)(dui)好(hao)刀(dao)(dao)后(hou)(hou)需(xu)要進行(xing)(xing)(xing)試切調試，為了防止程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)上出現錯誤和對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)的(de)失(shi)誤，造成(cheng)撞機(ji)(ji)事(shi)故，我(wo)們(men)應該先進行(xing)(xing)(xing)空行(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)模擬(ni)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，廠(chang)家在機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)座標系里面對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)具向右整(zheng)體平移零(ling)(ling)(ling)件總(zong)長的(de)2——3倍；然后(hou)(hou)開始模擬(ni)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，模擬(ni)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)以后(hou)(hou)確認程(cheng)序(xu)(xu)及對(dui)(dui)刀(dao)(dao)無誤，再(zai)開始對(dui)(dui)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件進行(xing)(xing)(xing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)，首(shou)件零(ling)(ling)(ling)件加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)，先自(zi)(zi)(zi)檢(jian)，確認合(he)格(ge)，再(zai)找(zhao)專職檢(jian)驗檢(jian)查，專職檢(jian)驗確認合(he)格(ge)后(hou)(hou)這才(cai)表(biao)示(shi)調試結束。成(cheng)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件在首(shou)件試切完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)，就要進行(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)批生(sheng)產(chan)，但首(shou)件的(de)合(he)格(ge)并不 等于整(zheng)批零(ling)(ling)(ling)件就會合(he)格(ge)，因(yin)為在加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中，因(yin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)材料的(de)不同會使(shi)刀(dao)(dao)具產(chan)生(sheng)

根(gen)據中國機(ji)床工具工業(ye)協會重點聯(lian)系企(qi)業(ye)的(de)統計數據，,自動化機(ji)床銷售(shou)2014年1~6月全部企(qi)業(ye)的(de)產(chan)品總體(ti)銷售(shou)收入(ru)(ru)同(tong)比下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)2.6%。其(qi)中，金(jin)屬切削機(ji)床產(chan)品銷售(shou)收 入(ru)(ru)同(tong)比下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)7.7%；金(jin)屬成形(xing)(xing)機(ji)床產(chan)品銷售(shou)收入(ru)(ru)同(tong)比增長4.3%。持定力，主動作為(wei)。這是機(ji)械(xie)行業(ye)絕大(da)多(duo)數企(qi)業(ye)對(dui)當下(xia)市場形(xing)(xing)勢(shi)的(de)判斷(duan)以及抉擇。

假(jia)如數(shu)控車床(chuang)車床(chuang)溜(liu)板的行程小(xiao)于3000mm，車床(chuang)溜(liu)板移動在(zai)(zai)水平面內直(zhi)線度差(cha)錯(cuo)的檢查(cha)(cha)可用長圓柱查(cha)(cha)驗棒(bang)檢查(cha)(cha)。在(zai)(zai)前(qian)后尖(jian)間，頂(ding)緊一根長圓柱查(cha)(cha)驗棒(bang)，將千(qian)分表(biao)固定在(zai)(zai)溜(liu)板上，使千(qian)分表(biao)測頭頂(ding)在(zai)(zai)查(cha)(cha)驗棒(bang)的側母線上。調整(zheng)尾座，使千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)(zai)查(cha)(cha)驗棒(bang)兩頭的讀數(shu)持平。移動溜(liu)板，在(zai)(zai)溜(liu)板的悉數(shu)行程上檢查(cha)(cha)。千(qian)分表(biao)在(zai)(zai)1000mm行程上的讀數(shu)較大差(cha)值，即(ji)是代(dai)理直(zhi)線度差(cha)錯(cuo)。

天(tian)津市龍門刨床(chuang)數(shu)(shu)控機(ji)床(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)在(zai)筆直(zhi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)面內直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)檢(jian)查，在(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基地方(fang)位上(shang)(shang)，和作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)移(yi)(yi)動(dong)方(fang)向平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing)放(fang)置一(yi)(yi)個(ge)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)儀。作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)自(zi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)極(ji)點方(fang)位，移(yi)(yi)至另一(yi)(yi)極(ji)點，移(yi)(yi)動(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)每隔500mm（或(huo)小于(yu)500mm），記載一(yi)(yi)次水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)儀讀(du)數(shu)(shu)。在(zai)作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)悉數(shu)(shu)行(xing)程上(shang)(shang)，記載水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)儀每檔方(fang)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)。將水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)儀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)讀(du)數(shu)(shu)順次擺(bai)放(fang)，畫出作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)(ye)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)曲線(xian)(xian)。在(zai)1000mm行(xing)程長(chang)度(du)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)曲線(xian)(xian)至兩頭點連線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)較大坐標(biao)，即是1000mm長(chang)度(du)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)。 作(zuo)(zuo)彼此平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)包容運(yun)動(dong)曲線(xian)(xian)，間(jian)隔最(zui)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩條(tiao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing)線(xian)(xian)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)坐標(biao)值(zhi)，即是導軌悉數(shu)(shu)行(xing)程長(chang)度(du)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)度(du)差(cha)錯(cuo)。

沈陽機(ji)床(chuang)起動(dong)前(qian)準備 1、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)必須夾牢在(zai)(zai)夾具或工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)，夾裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)壓板不(bu)得長出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)，在(zai)(zai)機(ji)床(chuang)大行程內不(bu)準站人(ren)(ren)。刀具不(bu)得伸出過(guo)長，應裝(zhuang)夾牢靠。2、校(xiao)正(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)，嚴禁用(yong)金屬物猛敲或用(yong)刀架推頂(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。3、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)寬度(du)(du)超(chao)出單(dan)臂刨(bao)床(chuang)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)寬度(du)(du)時(shi)，其重心(xin)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)重心(xin)的(de)偏移(yi)量不(bu)應大于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)寬度(du)(du)的(de)四(si)分之一。 4、調整(zheng)沖(chong)程應使刀具不(bu)接觸工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，用(yong)手柄(bing)(bing)搖動(dong)進行全行程試驗(yan)，滑枕調整(zheng)后應鎖(suo)緊并隨時(shi)取下搖手柄(bing)(bing)，以(yi)免落下傷(shang)人(ren)(ren)。5、龍(long)(long)(long)門(men)刨(bao)床(chuang)的(de)床(chuang)面(mian)或工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)伸出過(guo)長時(shi)，應設(she)防護欄桿，在(zai)(zai)欄桿內禁止通過(guo)行人(ren)(ren)或堆(dui)碼(ma)物品(pin)。6、龍(long)(long)(long)門(men)刨(bao)床(chuang)在(zai)(zai)刨(bao)削(xue)大工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前(qian)，應先檢(jian)查工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與龍(long)(long)(long)門(men)柱、刀架間的(de)預留空隙，并檢(jian)查工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)高(gao)度(du)(du)限位器安裝(zhuang)是否正(zheng)確牢固。7、龍(long)(long)(long)門(men)刨(bao)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)面(mian)和床(chuang)面(mian)及刀架上(shang)禁止站人(ren)(ren)、存放工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具和其它物品(pin)。操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)不(bu)得跨越臺(tai)(tai)面(mian)。8、作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)于(yu)牛頭刨(bao)床(chuang)手柄(bing)(bing)上(shang)的(de)力(li)，在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)水(shui)平移(yi)動(dong)時(shi)，不(bu)應超(chao)過(guo)8kg，上(shang)下移(yi)動(dong)時(shi)，不(bu)應超(chao)過(guo)10kg。9、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)裝(zhuang)卸、翻身時(shi)應注意(yi)銳邊、毛(mao)刺割手。